IEA Pocket Charts:
Panel A-2

Panel A-2
GNP Cumulation -- Expenditure Side (% of GNP)

Note: parenthetic cross references in titles are to other charts (panel.series) of the same data -- though perhaps not the same ratio.
Presentation note:
This chart, when presented at the same scale as the monthly charts, is too large to display in a format permitting a view of the entire time span. To solve the conflicting demands of span and clarity, we have presented the chart in several formats:

  • To make it possible to see the full time-span on screen, the chart is shown below on this page at about half scale. At that small size (Web quality being what it is), the text is hard to read. So, to help you identify the chart series, we have added a legend box (at right). Its right-hand column diagrams the thin, thick, and dashed lines used to plot the data, and the type of shading (or lack thereof) between lines, to make it possible to associate the series names with those on the chart.

  • A full-scale version is available separately. It allows full-scale viewing on screen (though you'll have to scroll across), and will print comfortably in landscape mode (if your browser allows you to specify a reduction factor of 50%).

  • For printing full-size, the left and right halves (with a two-year overlap) have been made available separately. Once printed (you may need to use landscape mode) , join the two pages together.

    • Chart-specific notes (footnotes to series names)

    Ratios to GNP are calculated in current-$ values. Although it would be preferable to use Capacity GNP (as is done on the expenditure side, shown in Panel A-1), actual GNP is used on the income side because there is as yet no satisfactory way to allocate the GNP Gap (A-1.17) to the various incomes.
    10. Includes post office, local utilities, and other government enterprises.
    11. Includes Business Transfers and Statistical Discrepancy, less Net Subsidy of Government Enterprises.
    12. Income and social security taxes are not included here because there is as yet no satisfactory way to allocate them among the various income groups.
    13. Mainly state and local government sales and property taxes.
    14. With capital consumption adjustment.
    15. These income concepts exclude capital gains from appreciation in the value of business inventories, capital equipment, housing, land and corporate stock.

    General notes

    This is one of over 20 chart panels taken as a sample from the 1977 Annual Historical Supplement of IEA Pocket Charts. The compact and analytically advanced economic charts feature the following analytical features:

    1. "Flat horizontal" presentation, as growth rates or ratios to GDP -- to facilitate comparisons of different time periods and series
    2. Fluctuations shaded to "normal" lines -- made possible by such presentation
    3. Smoothing -- quarterly centered moving averages to eliminate "zig-zag noise"
    4. Economic conditions displayed for context as vertical bands or lines (see Economic Fluctuations Viewed in Growth Perspective for definitions of these terms), clearly illustrated in chart Panel 1:
    Posted: 14 January 1999
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