IEA Pocket Charts: Panel 15A

---

Panel 15A
Real Income and Sales
(monthly, ratio scale -- use half the value shown on the protractor)

Chart-specific notes

If a chart line is parallel to a given %-line on the growth rate protractor, the series represented by that chart line is growing at the given percentage rate.

General notes This is one of 20 regular and a dozen periodic chart panels taken as a sample from the final issue -- December 1979 -- of the initial series of IEA Pocket Charts. The compact and analytically advanced economic charts feature the following analytical features: "Flat horizontal" presentation, as growth rates or ratios to GDP -- to facilitate comparisons of different time periods and series Fluctuations shaded to "normal" lines -- made possible by such presentation Smoothing -- quarterly centered moving averages to eliminate "zig-zag noise" Economic conditions displayed for context as vertical bands or lines (see Economic Fluctuations Viewed in Growth Perspective for definitions of these terms), clearly illustrated in chart Panel 1: recessions by light shading periods of stagnation by stippling absolute "contractions" (as defined by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)) by dashed lines Printing is best done in landscape mode. For portrait mode, use a 75% size factor.