IEA Pocket Charts:
Panel 12


Panel 12
Primary Market Financing -- Business and Government

Chart-specific notes (footnotes to series names)
    3. Flow-of-Funds Basis -- includes government retirement credits to households
    4. 4% unemployment definition, adjusted to 1955 demographics
       (includes supplementary and special unemployment benefits)

General notes

This is one of 20 regular and a dozen periodic chart panels taken as a sample from the final issue -- December 1979 -- of the initial series of IEA Pocket Charts. The compact and analytically advanced economic charts feature the following analytical features:

  1. "Flat horizontal" presentation, as growth rates or ratios to GDP -- to facilitate comparisons of different time periods and series
  2. Fluctuations shaded to "normal" lines -- made possible by such presentation
  3. Smoothing -- quarterly centered moving averages to eliminate "zig-zag noise"
  4. Economic conditions displayed for context as vertical bands or lines (see Economic Fluctuations Viewed in Growth Perspective for definitions of these terms), clearly illustrated in chart Panel 1:
    • recessions by light shading
    • periods of stagnation by stippling
    • absolute "contractions" (as defined by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)) by dashed lines
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Posted: 22 December 1998
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